首先我们来看wiki中对于结论的定义：
is an ending section which states the concluding findings and relevant recommendations for future research.
简单来说就是，结论不仅要对整篇论文的所有研究结果（findings）进行总结概括还要有对未来进行展望～也就是要提到未来研究的方向。
这样泛泛的说是不是对conclusion的逻辑结构还是一头雾水，不要紧，下面我们就来看看它的完整框架：
一个好的conclusion应该包括以下三个部分：
①所有这篇文章提到的研究结论
②对于你所写论文中提到的文献（也就是literature review中文献）的补充和发展
③本次研究的不足之处和改进方向。
具体来看：
/ 01 /
结论第一层次内容
总结概括出你的研究问题（research questions）的研究结果是什么，同时指出哪些学者/文献与你的研究结论趋于一致，并且提醒读者你是如何在discussion 部分中得到这些观点的。
简言之，这一部分就是对整篇论文主体（main body）部分的高度总结。
/ 02 /
结论的第二层次内容
你的研究结论是否实现了你的研究目的，实现到什么程度。以及你的研究发现对该领域有什么重要意义或影响？
例如，通过你的研究开创了哪些可能性，或对于诸如政府组织，公司等一些组织机构的未来政策措施有什么建议和贡献。
/ 03 /
结论的第三层次内容
找出并反思整篇论文中的局限性（limitations or weaknesses），这些limitations可能存在于你的整体分析方法中，也有可能是数据收集过程中造成的。
在结论部分的最后还要提到在你将来的研究中要如何改进以及要如何克服这些limitations。
注意：
1. 在总结研究结果时一定要提到所有结果
2. 结论中不应该包括任何新的数据或新的topic，如果你发现要有新的data或者topic，应该把它们放到论文主体的相关部分中去讨论。
3. 同论文主体其他部分一样，要与literature review相互呼应。
下面是HotEssay小编整理的一些关于conclusion部分常用的词语和句式：
Restatement of aims (research)
This study set out to determine ......
The present study was designed to determine the effect of .......
In this investigation, the aim was to assess ......
The purpose of the current study was to determine ......
This project was undertaken to design ...... and evaluate .....
Summarising the findings (research)
The relevance of X is clearly supported by the current findings.
The most obvious finding to emerge from this study is that ......
X, Y and Z emerged as reliable predictors of ......
Multiple regression analysis revealed that the ......
Significance of the findings (research)
The X that we have identified therefore assists in our understanding of the role of ......
These findings enhance our understanding of ......
This research will serve as a base for future studies and ......
The current findings add substantially to our understanding of ......
Limitations of the current study (research)
Finally, a number of important limitations need to be considered. First, ......
A number of caveats need to be noted regarding the present study.
The most important limitation lies in the fact that ......
The current study was limited by ......
Recommendations for further work (research)
This research has thrown up many questions in need of further investigation.
Further work needs to be done to establish whether ......
It is recommended that further research be undertaken in the following areas:
Further experimental investigations are needed to estimate ......
What is now needed is a cross-national study involving ......
More broadly, research is also needed to determine .....
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