大多数初到国外留学的新生都不知道国外大学assignment的写作格式与规范，所以很多人都是想通过国外大学assignment下载范文参考，本文中hotessay小编就给大家整理了一篇澳洲留学生assignment范文，主要内容是评估个人，社会和环境这个当代问题对国家和国际医疗政策的影响。
Societal versus familial responsibility for health
The balance of responsibility- societal versus family responsibilities
Read through the case study - Responsibility for health: personal, social, and environmental – and evaluate the impact this contemporary issue would have on national and international healthcare policy.
The responsibility for health is not just a one- approach strategy but it must be collaborative approach. This means that it is not just the society who will carry and be responsible for the result or the outcome of the healthcare cost but as well as the family. It is a give and take relationship wherein, one role may affect the end result of the other and vice-versa. I believe there must be a sense of balance between society and family responsibilities because, there are certain issues that is caused because of family reasons and the answer or solutions to the problem is through society responsibilities, on the other way around, there are certain societal issues that family problems can only be the pathway for solutions. No one can put the whole blame on one thing where in fact it is visible and justifiable through the connections they have each other.
I believe that responsibility for health on the personal, social, and environmental aspects impacts the national and international healthcare policy in different ways. First; it promotes independence, sense of responsibility, obligation, imposes self- discipline and compliance, and encourages cooperation not only on the people but each one has role to partake, thus making healthcare policy implementations easier. Second, easy to track the root of the problems with the provisions of the data where it rooted from, may it be on person, social or the environment, thus making easier to find solutions or resolutions. Third, budget allotted for the healthcare cost will reduced, because preventative measures is cost-effective, efficient and money wise than on the treatment or the cure of the diseases which will cost a lot more. And this is because, the problem has been detected earlier or even the pre existence of the problem there are already strategies, plans, methods and ways in order to prevent the occurrence or if already there, not to prolong the existence.
Discuss the justification for putting into place each of the following types of policy intervention solutions globally to address the balance of responsibility for healthcare between society and the family.
education and training
The government has put a lot of money investing on healthcare cost rather than on education and training. This is due to the increase demand of healthcare in most healthcare industry. Like in the US, almost half a portion of the budget goes into healthcare and gives little emphasis on the education and training. Education and training can play a significant role in determining healthcare in terms of societies responsibility and families responsibilities and may come up to the most recent interventions and technologies. Training programs and policies may also have important implications for the labour market issues in the healthcare.
Educating people, putting them responsibility on their own health after society responsibility wherein the society must have a supportive, positive environment conducive for health promotion and learning. Like for instance, health teachings on rural areas, in terms of proper sanitation, hygiene, diet, healthy living, communicable diseases, family planning, and water and food hygiene, pollution.
Education is not only limited to family but as well as the engagement of healthcare workforce in the society wherein they played a significant role in improving quality care. The health care industry is restructuring through ongoing efforts and the organization of healthcare. Many healthcare workers are taking on new responsibilities and roles. And to have a better quality care, healthcare workforce must built on strong dedication to caring people, knowledgeable, and well-trained, committed to the quality improvement and cooperative work, competent in caring wide diversity of people, secure in their employability, confident in their work, and fairly compensated.
business regulations combining work and care giving
Business regulations are set of rules, standards and government regulations that are directed for protecting competition in marketplace. States has certain legislations and regulations that are to be followed by healthcare providers and health promoters especially in giving cares. Like in U.S. as population ages, the pressures and challenges of family care giving are increasing reality of the America’s daily life. Caregivers are the primary source in helping adult and older people with chronic and disabling diseases. Family playing role as unpaid caregivers, are backbone in the long term care system in U.S, the importance of their role and their own related stress, financial strain and compromised health is often neglected. Lawmakers have begun recognizing this, and family care giving has become a growing public issue. If family able to provide cares keep their loved ones at home or in community and take good care of their own health and maintain the quality of life, they need assistance. Society has role to play, through specialized information and knowledge regarding diseases and disorders and care strategies, respite care, emotional support, education and training, family leave in the workplace and financial support. The States can become innovators and designers and financing diverse strategies to support family caregivers. Through rebalancing their long term care systems away from the institutional care and towards strengthening home community based a service which magnifies the reliance of the family cares. The States can also provide family caregivers assistance through Family Caregiver Support Program that was created in 2000, Family and Medical Home and Community- Based Services waiver programs which includes respite care for family caregivers.
In U.S. they develop Diverse Strategies and Innovative Ideas which composed of Care giving legislation introduced between 2004 and 2006 under variety of public policy strategies which range from health policy to tax laws to labour laws policies. The three most common strategies recognized are: Caregiver tax incentives respite care provision, Family and medical leave. In addition to that, are bills which composed of?
Caregiver Assessment
Care Coordination
Training And Education
Medicaid Benefits
Consumer Direction
Medicare Provisions
Research and Policy Recommendations
Private Long-term Care Insurance and Tax Credits
Alert Systems for Adults with Dementia
General Caregiver Support
tax benefits and payments to caregivers
As caregivers they may likely to pay out of the pocket some of the care costs, so they may be qualified for the tax benefits from the Internal Revenue Service’s (IRS). Tax rules are complex and can be changed.
Medical Expenses:
The caregivers looking after a person with dementia may consider the person as dependent for tax purposes. This is to allow itemizing his or her medical costs. There is a deduction of the amount by which the total medical expenses exceed by 7.5 percent of the carer’s adjusted gross income. Beginning of 2013, the deduction is only the amount by which the total medical expenses exceed 10 percent of the adjusted gross income. Only the expenses that haven’t been reimbursed by insurance can be counted towards the medical expenses deduction.
The complete lists for the allowable expenses are:
Prescription drug costs
Laboratories, assisted living residences, home health care and hospitals, and doctor’s medical fees.
The transportation cost in receiving medical care.
Modifications costs in homes like grab bars and handrails.
Personal care items, such as food.
Child and dependent Care Credit
If paying someone to care for the person with dementia so that the carer may look for work or could work, then he or she is eligible to claim the ‘Child and Dependent Care Credit’ on their federal income tax return and is allowed a credit up to 35 percent of the qualifying expenses, depending on the adjusted gross income.
To be eligible:
One has to have earned income.
The person with dementia must be unable to mentally or physically care for him or herself.
The person with dementia must be claimed as a dependent on tax return.
Flexible spending account
Flexible spending account in the workplace may be use if the person being look after is under the tax rules. This flexible spending account allows the out-of-pocket medical and dependent care expenses with pre tax dollars, for the potential savings of about 20 to 30 percent.
State tax credits
States have the additional tax deductions or the tax credits for the provision of the financial relief to carers. These tax programs that are built on the federal tax credit which reduces the amount of the income taxes the family owes.
Community support services
There are many community organizations which provide low-cost or even free services which include support groups, respite cares, transportation and home-delivered meals. Also informal care arrangements using family, faith communities and volunteer groups and friends may be considered.
